Foundations of Interventional Pain Management and Pain Medicine TABLE OF CONTENTS Contents About the Editors xviii Contributors xx SECTION I GENERAL ASPECTS I-1.0 History of Specialty of Pain Medicine and Interventional Pain Management 1 Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD, Vijay Singh, MD, Joshua A. Hirsch, MD I-2.0 Education, Training, and Testing 13 Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD, Vijah Singh, Md, Mark V. Boswell, MD, PhD I-3.0 Epidemiology 27 Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD, Vijay Singh, MD, Bert Fellows, MA I-4.0 Review of Epidemiology of Chronic Pain 39 Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD, Vijay Singh, MD, Bert Fellows, MA I-5.0 Psychosocial and Cultural Aspects of Pain 55 Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD, Bert Fellows, MA I-6.0 Sex and Gender Issues in Pain 67 Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD, Lien Tran, MD, Alan D. Kaye, MD, PhD I-7.0 Neurophysiologic Basis and Diagnosis of Chronic Spinal Pain 81 Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD, Ramsin M. Benyamin, MD, Ricardo Vallejo, MD, Joshua A. Hirsch, MD I-8.0 Assessment and Psychology of Pain 97 Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD, Bert Fellows, MA I-9.0 Mechanisms of Nociceptive Transmission and Modulation 123 James Giordano, PhD, Mark V. Boswell, MD, PhD I-10.0 Pharmacology of Pain Transmission and Modulation 141 Sukdeb Datta, MD I-11.0 Development of Pain Systems 153 Helen W. Karl, MD SECTION II EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE II-1.0 Evidence-Based Medicine: Basic Concepts 165 Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD, Joshua Hirsch, MD, Bert Fellows, MA II-2.0 Critical Analysis of Literature 177 Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD, Frank J.E. Falco, MD, Joshua A. Hirsch, MD II-3.0 Principles of Valid Clinical Research and Components of Clinical Trials 207 Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD, Joshua A. Hirsch, MD, Bert Fellows, MA II-4.0 Special Features of Study and Analysis of Pain 231 Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD, Bert Fellows, MA SECTION III ETHICS III-1.0 Ethics of Pain Management and Research 243 Gail A. Van Norman, MD III-2.0 Professionalism and Quality Assurance 257 Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD, Frank J.E. Falco, MD, Joshua A. Hirsch, MD III-3.0 Ethical Standards in Medical Practice 269 Gail A. Van Norman, MD III-4.0 Placebo and Pain 279 Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD, Joshua A. Hirsch, MD, Bert Fellows, MA III-5.0 Animal Models of Pain 295 Sukdeb Datta, MD SECTION IV DIAGNOSIS IV-1.0 Radiology 307 Frank J.E. Falco, MD, Obi Onyewu, MD, Syed Husain, DO IV-2.0 Fluoroscopy 319 Frank J.E. Falco, MD, Obi Onyewu, MD, Syed Husain, DO IV-3.0 MRI, fMRI, and MR spectroscopy 333 Obi Onyewu, MD, Frank J.E. Falco, MD, Syed Husain, DO IV-4.0 Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scans 343 Obi Onyewu, MD, Frank J.E. Falco, MD, Michael Greene, DO IV-5.0 Ultrasound 349 Frank J.E. Falco, MD, Obi Onyewu, MD, Oluseun A. Olufade, MD IV-6.0 Electrical Nerve Stimulation as a Diagnostic Tool 359 Virtaj Singh, MD, Jacob Joseph, MD, Kevin Hakimi MD IV-7.0 Laser-Evoked Potentials 367 Frank J.E. Falco, MD, Gabriella Gutman, MD IV-8.0 Quantitative Sensory Testing: Uses and Limitations 373 Nirupa Shah, MD, Andrea M. Trescot, MD IV-9.0 Electroencephalography (EEG) & Magnetoencephalography (MEG) 379 Obi Onyewu, MD, Frank J.E. Falco, MD, Jignyasa Desai, DO IV-10.0 Laboratory Investigations 389 ANDrea M. Trescot, MD IV-11.0 Urine Drug Testing in Chronic Pain 399 Paul J. Christo, MD, Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD, Xiulu Ruan, MD IV-12.0 Psychological and Psychiatric Evaluation 415 Daniel Krashin, MD, Fadi al-hatem, MD SECTION V PRACTICE MANAGEMENT V-1.0 Diagnostic Coding Systems 433 Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD, Vijay Singh, MD, Bert Fellows, MA V-2.0 Procedural Coding Systems 441 Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD, Vijay Singh, MD V-3.0 Documentation for Evaluation and Management Services 455 Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD, Ramsin M. Benyamin, MD V-4.0 Documentation for Interventional Techniques 471 Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD, Vijay Singh, MD, Joshua A. Hirsch, MD V-5.0 Compliance 487 Vicki Myckowiak, JD SECTION VI PHARMACOLOGICAL ASPECTS VI-1.0 Opioids 499 Andrea M. Trescot, MD VI-2.0 Antipyretic Analgesics: Nonsteroidals, Acetaminophen, and Phenazone Derivatives 515 Bryan S. Williams, MD, and Paul J. Christo, MD VI-3.0 Antidepressants 523 Howard S. Smith, MD, Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD VI-4.0 Anticonvulsants 533 Frank JE Falco, MD, Sareta M. Coubarous, DO, Oluseun A. Olufade, MD VI-5.0 Anti-anxiety Agents 543 Charles Fox, MD, Henry Liu, MD, Alan D. Kaye, MD, PhD VI-6.0 Neuroleptic Drugs 553 Ryan P. Ellender, MD, Alan D. Kaye, MD, PhD, Adam M. Kaye Pharm D VI-7.0 Antihistamines 559 Judy G. Johnson MD, Adam J. Broussard, MD, Alan D. Kaye, MD, PhD VI-8.0 Analeptic Drugs 571 Frank J.E. Falco, MD, Sareta M. Coubarous, DO VI-9.0 Corticosteroids 589 Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD and VIjay Singh, MD VI-10.0 Muscle Relaxants and Antispasticity Drugs 607 M. Tyler Stout, MD, Alan D. Kaye, MD, PhD, Adam M. Kaye, PharmD VI-11.0 NMDA Receptor Antagonists 615 Brad J. Hymel MD, Alan D. Kaye, MD, PhD, Adam M. Kaye, PharmD VI-12.0 Local Anesthetics and Membrane-Stabilizing Drugs 623 Stephen M. O’Connell, DO, Andrea M. Trescot, MD VI-13.0 Sympatholytics 635 Sheila Chiu, DO VI-14.0 Adjuvant Analgesics 641 Mariam Hameed, MD, Haroon Hameed, MD and Steven P. Cohen, MD Index 667 | EMAIL US | ORDER ONLINE | MEDIA KIT | PRACTICE POLICIES | ASIPP PUBLISHING, 81 LAKEVIEW DRIVE, PADUCAH, KY | 270.554.9412 | FAX: 270.554.5394